Despite being out of favor on all sides, Khayyam remained at the Court and tried to regain favor. This calendar was simplified in 1925 and the names of the months were modernized, resulting in the modern Iranian calendar.Īfter the death of Malik-Shah and his vizier in 1092, Khayyam fell from favor at court and funding to run the Observatory ceased, and Khayyam's calendar reform was put on hold. This calendar was used until the 20th century in Iran and it became the official national calendar of Qajar Iran in 1911. The Jalali calendar was a true solar calendar where the duration of each month is equal to the time of the passage of the Sun across the corresponding sign of the Zodiac. The resulted calendar was named in Malik-Shah's honor as the Jalali calendar and was inaugurated on March 15, 1079. During this time the scientist measured the length of a year - tropical year length - with remarkable precision. It was a period of peace during which the political situation allowed Khayyam the opportunity to devote himself entirely to his scholarly work. An invitation was sent to Khayyam from Malik-Shah and from his Grand Vizier Nizam al-Mulk asking Khayyam to go to Isfahan to set up an Observatory there and lead a group of scientists in carrying out precise astronomical observations aimed at the revision of the Persian calendar.

Toghril Beg, the founder of the Seljuq dynasty, had made Isfahan the capital of his domains, and his grandson Sultan Malik-Shah I was the ruler of that city from 1073.

It is presumed that due to his relationship with Tahir, ruler Shams al-Mulk distinctively regarded Omar with esteem. In 1070 he moved to Samarkand in Uzbekistan where there Khayyam was supported by Abu Tahir, a prominent jurist of Samarkand, and this allowed him to write his most famous algebra work, Treatise on Demonstration of Problems of Algebra.

However Khayyam was an outstanding mathematician and astronomer and he did write several works including Problems of Arithmetic, a book on music and one on algebra before he was 25 years old. Khayyam studied science, philosophy, mathematics, and astronomy at Nishapur, and in about the year 1068, he traveled to Bukhara, where he frequented the renowned library of Ark.

The statue of Khayyam in United Nations Office in Vienna as a part of Persian Scholars Pavilion

Omar khayyam rubaiyat farsi